Spray demand in rice and orchards interacts with contractor services, vocational training and pest-specific administrative processes.
Sources trace 2022 application reviews, 2024 procurement/economic studies and 2026 discussions of field problems and regulatory changes.
30 sources
The provincial authority describes eligible pests, registered equipment, aviation registration and local permission before applications.
The ministry reviews field feedback, provincial permission processes and proposed guideline changes for applications covering 15 permitted pests.
The publisher abstract reviews how application equipment, dose and timing affect pesticide performance and environmental impact.
The abstract reports a four-expert SWARA assessment in which payload ranked highly; this is not a nationwide farmer survey.
The Samsun rice study reports improved profitability but explicitly cautions that not all gains can be attributed to drone use.
The review abstract covers components, sensors, applications and limitations, including misuse when agronomic knowledge is lacking.
The vocational-education project combines training materials, trainer development and a drone demonstration, highlighting the skills infrastructure behind adoption.
The university explainer emphasizes irrigation decisions and trained personnel; it does not provide a controlled estimate of water savings.
A regional development program delivered agricultural commercial-pilot training in September–October 2026. It illustrates workforce development, not automatic authorization for individual pesticide applications.
The institute connects laboratory soil/plant/water analysis, UAV field monitoring, ground sensors and decision support. Its program shows why irrigation optimization spans sensing, agronomy and farm economics.
The abstract introduction describes a 59 ha Erzincan study distinguishing spectrally similar crops. Crop identity, texture and object height matter when turning imagery into usable field inventories.
The review abstract surveys sensors, vegetation indices and image analysis for vineyard growth and stress monitoring. It is a methods synthesis, not validation of one universal diagnosis model.
The abstract builds a multicriteria selection model from experienced İzmir growers. Spray performance, endurance and control range are priorities; its model-specific ranking is not a universal purchasing recommendation.
The abstract describes NDVI/TGI mapping on a university research farm to identify potentially problematic growth. The practical design question is how to turn indices into prioritized scouting areas.
The abstract evaluates flight direction and droplet size using water-sensitive papers at three canopy levels in a Tekirdağ vineyard. Lower-canopy coverage is crucial; tested settings should not be generalized across crops.
The university-hosted abstract compares spectral bands, indices and classifiers for olive-tree mapping. Reported performance belongs to the tested dataset and does not guarantee transfer to other orchards.
The abstract examines relationships between bare-soil multispectral signals and soil texture. Field-scale correlations support investigation, not fertilizer prescriptions inferred from imagery alone.
The abstract prioritizes awareness, perceived ease of use, labor scarcity and technical support in Adana growers’ adoption decisions. Training and service infrastructure matter alongside aircraft price.
The abstract describes 2021 Giresun water-sensitive-paper trials: greater height reduced inner-leaf deposition. This was a water-deposition study, not proof of pesticide efficacy or authorization.
The abstract reports observing a licensed spraying company’s workflow, considering operator exposure and labor. GPS problems, aircraft accidents and weather remain relevant even when spraying is remote.
The abstract compares nine indices across surface and subsurface drip treatments in silage maize. Useful indicators differ by irrigation system and growth period; a single NDVI rule is insufficient.
The abstract couples thermal/multispectral imagery with a two-source energy-balance model in a 2021 Bafra sorghum trial, examining plot-scale variability between ground-point and satellite scales.
The 2019 abstract examines thermal mapping of irrigated parcels and leakage, using UAV observations to focus maintenance efforts. Timing of observation affects interpretation.
The abstract finds comparable ET estimates from two thermal sensors, while model errors increase under water stress. Replacing the camera alone may not resolve model limitations.
The abstract reports assigning spiral paths to canopy-size classes in Malatya. Despite publication in an Egyptian journal, the trial is Turkish; reported gains are specific to its comparison conditions.
The abstract compares seven alternatives sold in Türkiye using nine criteria and three experts. It informs selection criteria, not a universal recommendation to buy the highest-ranked model.
The abstract compares three methods for detecting pepper-canopy shadows. Shadows alter reflectance and thermal interpretation, making preprocessing important; single-study accuracy is not transferable performance assurance.
The abstract describes low-cost imaging and machine learning linked to electric irrigation valves in pepper plots. The drone does not carry bulk irrigation water. The abstract does not establish a transferable savings magnitude.
A proposed joint R&D project separates airframe, distribution and propulsion work from avoidance, autopilot, batteries and communications. It illustrates supply-chain roles, not proven performance of a completed product.
The Adana wheat study compared two UAVs and three spray volumes using water-sensitive paper. Aircraft and volume affected coverage, deposition and edge uniformity. The inspected abstract establishes deposition results, not direct weed-control efficacy or profitability.
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